Relevance Of Birth Order And Personality Learning Styles

Mikayla Titus Sociology 312 Dr. Sabrina Danielson 14 December 2016 Relevance between Birth Order and Personality—Learning Styles Introduction The debate between whether there is a correlation between familial birth order and specific personality traits, such as intelligence, success, and social skills, has been discussed and argues since 1874, where Francis Galton started to first look at the subject. The birth order’s impact on the individual is a subject that still is questionable on whether it exist or not to this day. There are plenty of studies that argue for and against this correlation, but the real question is which is right? Through this study I will look to try and reassure a reassure a correlation between birth order and personalities traits, through examining the main focus question, how does birth order influence the personality and learning styles of an individual? In a society where equality is important, this study can enlighten how learning styles are influenced by birth order. Along with provided research that can help support ways to make success achievable by more. By determining if birth order does have a clear influence of these learning style, we can furthermore learn better ways to work with the later children to enable them the same chances that the first born children tend to have. This will provide evidence to help give children an equal chance at success and prosperity. Literature Review It is commonly assumed that the eldest child tends to beShow MoreRelatedSaints, Scholars and Schizophrenics1506 Words   |  7 Pages2011 Anthropology 1103- 001 Scheper-Hughes, Nancy 1979 Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics: University of California Press â€Å"It is generally accepted that schizophrenia is a condition in which the person alters his representation of reality in order to escape or withdraw from seemingly unresolvable conflicts and from social interactions that are painful.†(Nancy quotes Hill, Lewis B 1955) as important defining quote of what is incorporated in characteristics of schizophrenia. In the mid 1970’sRead More Neuroscience and the Theory of Multiple Intelligences Essay3515 Words   |  15 Pageseach of us is unique in our neural patterns, where do we draw the line between defining something as a disorder versus simply a difference? 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The And Of The Cave - 1314 Words

Reason is specifically a human trait. Using it is authorizing yourself to observe and to act accordingly to your own reflection, thus overcoming your own servitude. All men are gifted with this capacity to reason thus enabling them to be free. Indeed, this unique human logical process allows people to become autonomous, therefore permitting them to emancipate from certain constraints – by reasoning individuals can set their own rules and they can refuse a blind submission to ignorance. Plato illustrates this point with his cave allegory explained in Lecture I: Plato (Lecture I: Plato, 2015, Dr. Jung-Yeup Kim). Human beings live in a cave in which they are prisoners. In order to be set free and to leave this cave, it is primordial for them†¦show more content†¦However, although in both stories the prisoner manages to get out of the illusion, and more even if in both cases the man becomes aware of his past mistake, what permitted the escape does not borrow the same ethi cal paths: In Plato s, the attempt of helping the remaining prisoners exists, however it is doomed to failure. Among those servitudes, man is mostly familiar with appetite - the animal instinct present in human beings - then passion, which can be described as extreme feelings. As stated in Lecture 3: Daoism (Lecture 3: Daoism, 2015, Dr. Jung-Yeup Kim) Human kind is essentially an animal. However, this living being is endowed with the gift of reason. He possesses the capability to have instincts and reflexes that his reason does not always control. These unmanageable reactions are mainly performed as a survival response along to eating, sleeping and reproducing (Lecture 3: Daoism, 2015, Dr. Jung-Yeup Kim). These are the only things sought by animals. Humans are able to go beyond these basic needs and they open up to other activities including intellectual actions. Therefore, reason gives individuals the capability to act upon the natural laws that governs the world in which they live and to which individuals are not entirely subject. For example, the discovery and the use of medicine have allo wed humans to live their lives without making their survival, their biological goal, and their main one. Consequently, natural

The Theories Of Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Century - Samples

Question: Discuss about the The Theories Of Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Century. Answer: Introduction The theories of Nineteenth and early Twentieth century are generally considered to be classical theories related to organizational management. During 1930s and 40s the theories were developed for progressing the human resources of the companies (Nhema, 2015). However modern organizations see studying classicalmanagement theories to be waste of time but proper research might indicate something different. The theories were developed after extensive research and analysis; though the organizational structure has changes over the years but certain elements of the structure are ever present, so do certain elements from the traditionalmanagement theories. Findings from the Scientific management Theory by Taylor Thescientific management theory develop by Frederick Taylor primarily focuses on the labor force controlling in order to maximize the organizational productivity (Shafritz, Ott Jang, 2015). In his time and motion study he observed the workers and measured how much they are producing within how much time. The observation led him to believe that much of the resources are not being utilized properly and a scientific analysis is required in order to improve the outcome. The principles of the management theory included incorporating science in the organizational management, proper selection and effective training of the worker, equal division of responsibility between management and workers (Taylor, 1914). He implemented certain strategies like assembly lines, standardization and dividing labor for improving mass production. The theory proved to be effective as it reduced the labor cost, removed unnecessary work and increased profit. The efficiency and control of the labor in modern orga nizations can be maintained by the Taylorist management theory. Relevance of Taylors Scientific Management Theory in modern world Taylorism puts financial profit of the organization as its primary aim and often ignores other issues as secondary and as a result it has been struggling to prove its relevance in the modern business word. Though most organizations in the developed countries like USA, Australia or other European countries do not practice scientific management theory at its original form but that does not mean that it has been completely rejected by all organizations in their management practice. The basic principles of this management theory are modified and with the help of other management theories often used as effective organizational strategy (Waring, 2016).. Especially in situations where the labors are not meeting the requirement the management implement this strategy. In todays world the management in the call centre business implements Taylorism management theory effectively. The element from the theory is utilized by the business is by monitoring constantly enhancing the work force. Here the workers work as mechanized beings and do not enjoy any creative freedom as it is not required in the field. The management leadership controls call centre employees and instructs them what exactly they need to do. The call centre business in India implements this theoretical strategy exclusively (Sinha Gabriel, 2016). On the other hand Toyota applies the element of equal division of labor and breaking down assembly lines into stages to minimize the time wasted for waiting. The inconsistencies of the employee productivity are thus eliminated by the management authority. The time and motion management aspect is used in large organizational managements like McDonald (Babajana Webber, 2015). In countries like China, India or Dubai management controls large num ber of workers who have to satisfy even larger number of customers in short period of time. Therefore the management controlled time and motion strategy has proven to be especially effective in this organization. Findings from the Administrative Management Theory of Fayol Fayols Management Theory is directly in contrast with Taylors Scientific Management theory. In 1916 he developed and published 14 principles in order to enhance the production management (Ferdous, 2016). Instead of division of workers the work here issues concerning the overall organization should be structured. The work division allows the employees to focus on certain areas that help him to improve his work skills by gaining relevant experience. The authority of the management must possess the power to give commands while keeping in mind their responsibility. The discipline holds a significant role in the management as the leadership and the employees both have to obey the organizational disciplines (Edward, 2017). The hierarchical structure must not be confusing for the employees as they should have single representative of the authority who will give them direct and clear guidance and unity of direction will lead the teams through a coordinated process. The theory insists that a single employees interest cannot be more important than others, not even the managers. The monitory and other kind of remuneration plays significant role in the employee efficiency. Centralization allows the employees to determine their role in the decision making process (de Oliveira et al., 2015). The management must provide a clear vision about the employees position in the organizational hierarchy. There should be an order in the management as the safe and clean workplace ensures the productivity and employee engagement. The equity must be maintained in all the departments among all the employees. The managers though their personal planning should ensure minimum employee turnover. The theory suggests that the employees must be provided with necessary amount of freedom and creativity. The theory mentions the principle of Esprit de Corps that is the organizations promotion of unity and team spirit. Relevance of Fayols Administrative Management Theory in modern world Most companies that are operating successfully in the business world of today use Fayols management principles in their organizations. Fayols management theory is used in the administration of the developed world specifically in the USA and France. Fayol developed six management functions like commercial, technical, financial, accounting, security and managerial have been modified over time in order to fit the modern business world (Fayol, 2016). In every organization the human resource and management leadership manage the employees by using certain communication method. In the contemporary business world the employees play major role in the organizational culture. A large organization like Google gives maximum importance to its employees where they are provided with not only financial remuneration but also medical benefits and family support as the organization believes that this would ensure employee efficiency in the longer run (Haider et al., 2015). The theory has experienced mod ification and up gradation in its applicability like the theory promotes equity and scalar chain system. The more number of companies are promoting balance in their organizational hierarchy through reducing the power of the authority and giving more strength to the employees. In the organization Hell Pizza of New Zealand the application of Fayols Administrative Theory can be identified (Parnell, 2013). The visibility of the scalar chain represents the authorities from inside and outside and determines the labor division present within the organizational structure. The applied scalar chain allows the authority to maintain the command unity and allows the employees to use their judgment and initiative in the organizational work flow. Any employee from a specific department can approach the authority from other department if necessary with the permission from his immediate leadership. The Gang Plank method allows the employees to approach to authorities before the decisions have been made (Yenen ztrk, 2014). The workers of the Hell Pizza are trained in specific areas that allow the work load to be divided in multiple sections (Moger, 2017). A novice employee is trained in a basic level and they are provided only half hour for specific job within the store b ut when they are selected for a specific area like making the pizzas, they are allowed detail training with more time. However in the festival time or in any busy day the work load is divided among all the employees inside and outside the store, where someone from the fryer department takes the orders from the customers and someone from the managerial department can deliver the orders. Fayols division of work load can be found highly effective in the organizations. Findings from Webers Bureaucratic theory of Management Since its inception the Bureaucratic management theory developed by Max Weber has influenced the western society and business greatly. Literary the bureaucracy is the authoritative practice by the authority to control the mass in the society. The evolution of the organizational management theories can be observed through the theories developed by Weber. His theory of bureaucratic centralization has greatly impacted the business organizations of twentieth century (Meisenbach Jensen, 2017). According to him the modern capitalisms emergence is closely connected to the modern day bureaucracy. The capitalist society needs freedom of the market, legal support, labor availability as necessary part of their existence. The predictability of the managements judgment will ensure the industrial organizations maximum use. Weber explained several kinds of authority style in the organizational management. In the Traditional authority the employees obey the authoritys orders out of respect for its previous existence. In the Charismatic authority the leaderships unique personal qualities makes the rule accepted. Finally in the rational-legal authority the certain rules and procedures help the authority to achieve specific goals. Relevance of Bureaucratic Management Theory in the modern world In the management practice Bureaucratic organization is closed and rigid. The administration structure in this type consists of fixed hierarchy, impersonality, continuity and expertise. The hierarchy helps the expansion of the organization. The knowledge about the management hierarchy will enable them to climb the hierarchical steps. The hierarchy of authority is significantly present in police or army. However in retail and other organizational business apply this element of the theory effectively. In the general model of the hierarchy one level is controlled by the immediate higher level. A specific position has certain job responsibility and its own right. Each level of the hierarchy has definite set of responsibilities and competence sphere. The technical competence becomes key driver in defining the key responsibility of a level. However there are certain weaknesses as well like the theory does not encourage the employees to take active participation in the decision making proce ss. The clear classification of the authority and its command runs the organizational activity successfully (Lund, 2014). The leadership management possesses maximum control over the strategic decisions. Few top level persons are involved in the decision making so the strategy designing and implementing takes less time. The Bureaucratic management theory puts a lot of stress on specialization. The tasks are defined and divided in parts for individuals. Specialization allows the employees to fulfill individual duties effectively. Most companies today follow the principles of Weber management theory such as clearly defining jobs for the people associated with the organization, maintaining definite authority, following a standardized procedure by everyone, keeping the record meticulously and hiring employees based on the specific qualifications required for the position. The division of labor is already been discussed in the Taylorism which is adopted here by Weber. In any organizations the definite written rules are being followed by every employee and the managers as well. The records help the company to determine the employee performance and the records help the employees to identify their weaknesses and company can come up with solutions. The impersonality is important for the organizations which promotes the value of the position not the person. Any organization is run by a strong leader however if the leader is being replaced or dies another person with equal credibility will appointed in the role to run the business. Microsoft is a company that practices the bureaucracy in its organizational structure (Daft, 2015). Windows is a large software developing company where thousands of developers are working. Therefore the hierarchical structure follows like the feature crew to team to major team to the vice president. At every level the teams are provided with individual distinct source codes. Final change in the management is decided by the top leadership. Conclusion From Taylorism to Fayolism to the management theory by Weber the business has experienced various transformations in the theoretical world of the organizations management practice. Not all elements from the theories are applied by modern companies in their organizational practice but the management theories have not lost its relevance entirely. Certain elements still have significant relevance in companys management practice. The elements from the theory by Taylor are contradicted by Fayol but elements from both of the theories can be found in Weber. The synthesis of the elements also demonstrates the evolution of the management theories in the western business world. The evolution also represents a journey through which modern organizations find the relevance of the theories in their organizational performance. References Babajana, Z., Webber, A. (2015). Organisational Behaviour. Daft, R. L. (2015).Organization theory and design. Cengage learning. de Oliveira, J., Escrivao Filho, E., Nagano, M. S., Ferraudo, A. S. (2015). Managerial styles of small business owners: a study based on the organizational life cycle and on concepts concerning managers' functions and roles.Revista Brasileira de Gesto de Negcios,17(57), 1279. Edward, R. (2017). An Elaboration of the Administrative Theory of the 14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol. Fayol, H. (2016).General and industrial management. Ravenio Books. Ferdous, J. (2016). Organization Theories: From Classical Perspective.International Journal of Business, Economics and Law,9(2), 1-6. Haider, M., Aamir, A., Hamid, A. A., Hashim, M. (2015). A literature Analysis on the Importance of Non-Financial Rewards for Employees' Job Satisfaction.Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences,8(2), 341-354. Lund, C. (2014). Tradition As A Modern Strategy-A methodological note on the study of power, rationality, authority and legitimacy for the analysis of the land tenure reform in Niger.Occasional Paper, (10), 199-228. Meisenbach, R. J., Jensen, P. R. (2017). Bureaucratic Theory.The International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication. Moger, L. (2017).Hell Pizza supporting youth to transition into workforce.Stuff. Retrieved 20 September 2017, from https://www.stuff.co.nz/auckland/local-news/north-shore-times/95384154/hell-pizza-supporting-youth-to-transition-into-workforce Nhema, A. G. (2015). Relevance of classical management theories to modern public administration: A review.Journal of Public Administration and Governance,5(3), 165-179. Parnell, J. A. (2013).Strategic management. Sage. Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., Jang, Y. S. (2015).Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Sinha, S., Gabriel, Y. (2016). 5 Call Centre Work: Taylorism with a Facelift.Re-Tayloring Management: Scientific Management a Century On, 87. Taylor, F. W. (1914).The principles of scientific management. Harper. Waring, S. P. (2016).Taylorism transformed: Scientific management theory since 1945. UNC Press Books. Yenen, V. Z., ztrk, M. H. (2014). The Effects of Organizational Communication on Organizational Commitment and an Application.Australian Journal of Business and Management Research,4(3), 9.

To James Joyce, the author of the Dubliners, Dublin was a city trapped by its place in history Essay Example For Students

To James Joyce, the author of the Dubliners, Dublin was a city trapped by its place in history Essay To James Joyce, the author of the Dubliners, Dublin was a city trapped by its place in history. He felt especially that it suffered from a kind of paralysis. The capital of Ireland was paralysed by England. He believed the Dubliners themselves were caught in the paralytic and imprisoning grip of poverty which he himself had experienced, and by this semi-alien culture, but also by their generally unquestioning acceptance of Roman Catholicism and its political and social implications. The world of the Dubliners which Joyce presents is laden with characters that are constantly attempting to survive in the face of hardship; trying to escape the trappings of the political, religious and social dynamic which restricts and asphyxiates the lives they lead. In both Araby and Eveline the protagonists a young, unnamed boy and a young lady are offered and attempt the chance of escape but are disappointed by its failure to succeed. We will write a custom essay on To James Joyce, the author of the Dubliners, Dublin was a city trapped by its place in history specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This provides Joyces key comparative theme throughout his whole collection of Dubliners: the opportunity and prospect of escape from the paralytic nature of Dublin life and the inability to break free. In both, Joyce presents a world of weariness and frustration, dominated by adults or parental figures, but one which also holds the promise of escape. In Araby escape is suggested through both the exotic enchantment of the bazaar and the attraction of Mangans sister who arouses the boys latent sexuality, whereas in Eveline the risk and excitement of escape is offered by a man, Frank. In Araby, Joyce uses the stark contrast between light and darkness to create an illusion of possible escape for the young boy, Her figure defined by the light. Previously in the story, Joyce had only implemented the use of darkness but this image provides a break from this monotony and for the first time injects a bit of hope into the rhetoric. The symbol of Mangans sister represents an opportunity of escape. Joyce employs this use of light to symbolise hope and a sense of liberation repeatedly to emphasise the contrast this creates with the dead, decrepit descriptions of the boys street, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦touched discreetly by the lamplight; figure defined by the light from the half-opened door. Joyce presents a sense of direction and opportunity by referring to words such as focused and defined. Moreover Mangans sister provides further contrast with the decaying and monotonous surroundings in that she represents an alien sense of movement and life, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦her dress swung as she moved her body and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side. However Joyce emphasises the boys desperation to escape in the manner in which his relationship with Mangans sister is illustrated, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦her name was like a summons to my foolish blood; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦my heart leaped; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I had never spoken to her, except for a few casual words. She appears to be supplying the momentum for his desire to escape, however, his love for her is more like an infatuation, a childish crush, in that it has the same all-consuming effect. His love is an illusion and is merely fuelling his desperation, But my body was like a harp and her words and gestures were like fingers running upon the wires. As the story progresses the alluring qualities of the bazaar which the boy visits offer a different prospect and vision of escape. The bazaar becomes his reason for living and everything else does not seem to matter, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the tedious intervening days, I could hardly any patience with the serious work of life. The Bazaar appears to assume the same position as Mangans sister and becomes an infatuation, an obsession, The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me. .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .postImageUrl , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:hover , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:visited , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:active { border:0!important; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:active , .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40 .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ad5fc5ceb901f3071343ba09834ee40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Amy Tans' Two Kinds EssayIn Eveline, the notion of escape is expressed predominantly through Evelines relationship with Frank, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦kind, manly, open-hearted, He had tales of distant countries. Frank offers her something new and exciting; a break from the monotony of life. He gives her the dream of going away to some far away paradise and escaping. However, in the passage on page 33, Eveline reveals her naive view of Franks ability as he is presented in the terms of her romantic yearning, She must escape! Frank would save her. He would give her life; He would save her. In this section much of the language Joyce employs is idealised and highlights the fact that she herself has never been in love and therefore has no mature perceptions of what love is or the feeling it evokes. This idealisation is seen in the way she talks of, the terrible Patagonians; the Straits of Magellan and distant countries. Joyces use of free indirect speech, in which purporting in the third person to offer the objective account, Joyce in fact enters the consciousness of Eveline and makes her habitual formulations the stuff of narrative, makes her idealisation and naivety extremely effective. Frank is merely an infatuation born out of the desperation of her situation and her deep desire to escape it, as in Araby. In both Araby and Eveline Joyce presents the setting in similar ways. There is a sense of restriction and claustrophobia expressed through the drab and decaying description. In Araby, Air, musty from having been long enclosed gives a sense that it is difficult to breathe in the atmosphere of the street in which the boy lives. The other houses of the street, conscious of decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces. The personification of the word houses with the use of faces allows Joyce to emphasise the grimness of the poverty and the monotony of living in Dublin through these unflappable, stagnant symbols of decay and erosion. This is enhanced by Joyces placement of the story at a blind end or dead end, which highlights the limitation and lack of direction present in the boys existence causing his desperation.